| Description | Malonyl-CoA, also known as malonyl CoA or CoA, malonyl, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds. These are carbonyl compounds with the generic formula O=C(R)C(H)C(R')=O, where R and R' can be any group. Malonyl-CoA is a strong basic compound (based on its pKa). Within humans, malonyl-CoA participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, malonyl-CoA can be biosynthesized from acetyl-CoA through the action of the enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1. In addition, malonyl-CoA can be converted into malonic acid and coenzyme A; which is catalyzed by the enzyme fatty acid synthase. malonyl/acetyl transferase domain. Malonyl-CoA is a highly regulated molecule in fatty acid synthesis; as such, it inhibits the rate-limiting step in beta-oxidation of fatty acids. Malonyl-CoA inhibits fatty acids from associating with carnitine by regulating the enzyme carnitine acyltransferase, thereby preventing them from entering the mitochondria, where fatty acid oxidation and degradation occur. Malonyl-CoA is formed by carboxylating acetyl-CoA using the enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase. MCAT serves to transfer malonate from malonyl-CoA to the terminal thiol of holo-acyl carrier protein (ACP). In humans, malonyl-CoA is involved in fatty acid biosynthesis. In the former, it provides 2-carbon units to fatty acids and commits them to fatty acid chain synthesis. Malonyl-CoA is a potentially toxic compound. Malonyl-CoA is a coenzyme A derivative of malonic acid. MCAT is also involved in bacterial polyketide biosynthesis. The enzyme MCAT together with an acyl carrier protein (ACP), and a polyketide synthase (PKS) and chain-length factor heterodimer, constitutes the minimal PKS of type II polyketides. One molecule of acetyl-CoA joins with a molecule of bicarbonate, requiring energy rendered from ATP.Malonyl-CoA is utilised in fatty acid biosynthesis by the enzyme malonyl coenzyme A:acyl carrier protein transacylase (MCAT). It plays a key role in chain elongation in fatty acid biosynthesis and polyketide biosynthesis. Malonyl-CoA is expected to be in Cannabis as all living plants are known to produce and metabolize it. |
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| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C24H38N7O19P3S/c1-24(2,19(37)22(38)27-4-3-13(32)26-5-6-54-15(35)7-14(33)34)9-47-53(44,45)50-52(42,43)46-8-12-18(49-51(39,40)41)17(36)23(48-12)31-11-30-16-20(25)28-10-29-21(16)31/h10-12,17-19,23,36-37H,3-9H2,1-2H3,(H,26,32)(H,27,38)(H,33,34)(H,42,43)(H,44,45)(H2,25,28,29)(H2,39,40,41)/t12-,17-,18-,19?,23-/m1/s1 |
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